[PRESS RELEASE – Zug, Switzerland, December 3rd, 2025]

Supra, a pioneering MultiVM Layer-1 blockchain designed for Automatic DeFi (AutoFi), has unveiled Hydrangea++, a significant enhancement to its Hydrangea consensus protocol aimed at optimizing blockchain performance to near the physical limits of information transmission.

Supra acknowledges a longstanding reality in blockchain that has been widely understood but seldom openly discussed: the performance of transactions, trades, mints, and swaps could be significantly expedited. Historically, the limiting factors lay not in the realms of mathematics, cryptography, or software development, but rather in the physical realm.

For over 15 years, blockchain technologies have been created with physical limitations in mind, instead of actively working to mitigate them. Hydrangea++ seeks to shift that paradigm.

A Brief Look Back at Hydrangea

Hydrangea, the original consensus innovation from Supra, challenged the presumption that swifter two-round commitments compromise fault tolerance, thereby proving this notion incorrect. By integrating:

• Byzantine faults (f)
• Crash faults (c)
• A tunable performance parameter (k)

Under optimal conditions, Hydrangea can finalize transactions in two communication rounds. In adverse situations, it operates within three rounds while maintaining robust safety guarantees.

Hydrangea++ takes this further by integrating optimistic proposals from Supra’s Moonshot algorithm directly into Hydrangea’s resilient framework, enabling a proposal pipeline that functions at a single network delay. Conventional protocols necessitate multiple signaling rounds before a block can be proposed, introducing a delay that has been accepted as standard across the industry. Hydrangea++ eliminates this waiting period completely.

Performance Results

In trials conducted against Minimmit, a protocol developed by Commonware for the Tempo blockchain, Supra reported the following outcomes over 51 nodes across ten global regions:

• Proposal latency: 1 network delay
• 11% lower end-to-end latency (faster) than Minimmit during geo-distributed assessments
• 35% higher throughput (greater capacity) under realistic conditions
• No diminishment in security or fault tolerance
• Consistent performance even during jitter, packet loss, and node misbehavior

“Hydrangea++ delivers fast finality without fragile assumptions. It is designed for the real-world Internet, where conditions can fluctuate and faults occur, ensuring rapid performance when the network is stable and unwavering safety under stress,” stated Dr. Nibesh Shrestha, Lead Author and researcher at Supra. “Unlike previous protocols that force a dichotomy between speed and resilience, Hydrangea++ effortlessly merges both: two rounds when it matters and three when necessary.”

A Future Without Limits

Hydrangea++ is not merely about reducing milliseconds but about lifting the performance floor that has hindered DeFi, oracles, and smart contracts since their inception. With this innovation, transactions can execute at the speed of information rather than being confined to block timings.

As consensus mechanisms cease to impede performance, entire categories of applications can evolve to function in alignment with user expectations.

“Speed only matters if it holds up against real-world conditions. Hydrangea++ remains swift, even when disruptions occur, because that is precisely when reliability is crucial,” remarked Joshua Tobkin, CEO and Co-Founder of Supra.

For more information, visit Supra.com. Technical documentation is available for peer review at Hydrangea++ specifications.