Today, hundreds of millions of people own bitcoin and other tokens hosted on blockchains worth trillions of dollars.

Increasingly, though, blockchains host far more than just tokens. In fact, blockchains represent our future tech stack and can also support sophisticated Web applications that exist fully on-chain, along with the tokens. These applications function entirely using code resident on the network (i.e., smart contract software and its evolution).

This holds immense potential: by the end of 2025, more than 5 billion people are expected to have internet-connected smartphones with web browsers. So, what could motivate them to create and engage with fully on-chain web applications that provide seamless Web3 features?

I predict an impending blockchain revolution, driven by advancing AI and self-writing application technology.

This trend relates to a significant emerging concept known as “vibe coding.” Vibe coding enables software engineers to use tools integrated with AI that can autonomously write and correct software code for them, significantly enhancing their productivity.

The self-writing application concept extends this further, allowing non-technical users to create, own, and modify applications simply by communicating with AI through chat. Unique to blockchain, this technology is well-positioned to deliver this revolutionary functionality.

In time, anyone will be able to generate their personal branding website or a custom wedding planning application for a family member simply by conversing with AI. An entrepreneur without any technical staff or resources will be able to establish a new kind of e-commerce site, or develop a sharing economy application within the Web3 framework. Additionally, businesses will be able to create sophisticated CRM functionalities at a fraction of the current time and financial investment, solely by talking, without needing software development or systems administration abilities.

In this innovative development paradigm, everyday users will simply issue commands to AI via chat and refresh their web browser moments later to interact with their newly created or updated application.

Applications residing on blockchains offer a multitude of valuable characteristics. They are independent and resistant to censorship as they exist on a public network, tamper-proof for enhanced security, resilient, and capable of seamlessly integrating powerful Web3 functionalities as they exist on-chain.

Moreover, blockchain technology addresses major challenges encountered when having AI construct applications using traditional IT.

For instance, code built on conventional IT systems must be meticulously crafted to prevent security vulnerabilities, and the entire infrastructure is sensitive to various security configurations—ranging from cloud accounts to the operating systems on cloud instances like Linux and hosted platform software like databases and web servers. As a result, traditional IT environments often require additional cybersecurity systems such as firewalls and anti-malware solutions. Failover, backup, and restoration are other significant concerns, relying on trustworthy service providers.

Trusting AI to function autonomously within traditional IT frameworks is daunting, as a single error might lead to a cyberattack resulting in data breaches or ransomware incidents.

Conversely, blockchains facilitate significantly more straightforward AI-driven developments in various manners. For example, the network-hosted code on blockchains is “serverless,” greatly minimizing the complexity of coding tasks for AI and enabling much quicker code generation. On the Internet Computer network, code can directly provide secure interactive web experiences for end-users, while efficiently storing and processing vast data quantities.

At DFINITY, we firmly advocate for self-writing applications on public blockchains, which we label the “self-writing internet,” and have been working on supporting technologies for several years.

For self-writing applications to realize their full potential, users must not only be capable of creating them through dialogue, but also continuously improving them during operation, communicating until they achieve the necessary functionality or optimal design. Without the ability to persistently enhance applications running in production, the broader market potential for the self-writing application model would only touch a minimal segment of its significant capability.

DFINITY has been advancing a programming language framework known as Motoko for both AI and human use. When a user modifies an application to add or change a feature, the AI must describe how to update the underlying data structure within the application, ensuring no data is lost. If an AI attempts to execute an update, the framework can identify potential mistakes that might result in unintended data loss, prompting the AI to retry the operation.

We believe the self-writing internet will democratize and decentralize technology on blockchain, and we are thrilled about the upcoming launch of a new platform called Caffeine.ai. Through conversational interaction with Caffeine, users will create, own and refine their own sovereign applications on the Internet Computer and, more broadly, the World Computer, which encompasses all blockchains capable of hosting tokens and smart contract software.

In the future, it will be achievable to command, “construct me a personal Google Photos service that I can share with my family and friends, where we can add comments and emoji reactions to photos,” or “establish a money transfer system enabling me to compensate my international contractors via stablecoins.”

On blockchains, human creativity, rather than technical capability, will increasingly define the limits on web app development. The liberated utility will incentivize significant blockchain adoption, even when users might not realize that blockchain technology supports their transformative experiences.

I have long discussed a potential “blockchain singularity” where decentralized networks become a primary new technology stack. I believe this is the pathway to that future, which is already on the horizon.